In aerodynamics, why is a shorter chord generally preferred for high-speed aircraft?

In aerodynamics, a shorter chord is preferred for high-speed aircraft primarily because it reduces drag. As an aircraft increases its speed, the drag encountered by the aircraft becomes a critical factor in maintaining efficient and effective performance. A shorter wing chord decreases the overall surface area exposed to air, which helps to minimize form drag and skin friction drag. This is particularly important in high-speed flight, as increased drag can lead to greater fuel consumption and reduced efficiency.

The streamlined design that comes with a shorter chord allows for smoother airflow over the wings, thus enhancing the aircraft's aerodynamic properties. This reduction in drag not only contributes to better fuel efficiency but also allows for higher speeds and improved performance during flight, making it a vital consideration in the design of high-speed aircraft.